Dave, Simon, Jason, Helena and Zoe are all musicians who play a different instruments from the following list: violin, oboe, percussion, flute and clarinet.
Jason, Zoe, Simon and the flute player all live in the same city. The clarinet player enjoys spending time with Jason, Simon and Dave, but he really dislikes the oboe player.
Simon and Zoe are very close with the violinist, but Helena and the oboe player can’t stand each other.
Which of the following must be true?
A. Helena plays the flute
B. Simon plays percussion
C. Dave plays the violin
D. Zoe plays the clarinet
Solution
1. “Jason, Zoe, Simon and the flute player all live in the same city.”
Since all musicians play different instruments, we can deduct from the above statement that Jason, Zoe, and Simon don’t play the flute.
Violin
Oboe
Percussion
Flute
Clarinet
Dave
Simon
Jason
Helena
Zoe
2. “The clarinet player enjoys spending time with Jason, Simon and Dave, but he really dislikes the oboe player.”
Neither Jason, Simon nor Dave play the clarinet or the oboe, which means that the clarinet and the oboe players are Helena and Zoe. Thus, statement A is false.
Violin
Oboe
Percussion
Flute
Clarinet
Dave
Simon
Jason
Helena
Zoe
3. From the above we can deduct that Dave plays the flute, since all other options have been eliminated. Thus, statement C is also false.
Violin
Oboe
Percussion
Flute
Clarinet
Dave
Simon
Jason
Helena
Zoe
4. “Simon and Zoe are very close with the violinist”
We already knew that Zoe didn’t play the violin, but now we also know that Simon doesn’t play it either. That only leaves Jason as the possible violinist, thus Simon is a percussionist. Statement B is then true.
Violin
Oboe
Percussion
Flute
Clarinet
Dave
Simon
Jason
Helena
Zoe
5. “but Helena and the oboe player can’t stand each other.”
This means Helena doesn’t play the oboe, so the only option left is the clarinet. Thus, Zoe plays the oboe and statement D is false.